| Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans | 
 10.   Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans 
Share Option Awards 
The following is a summary of option activity under NCLH’s Amended and Restated 2013 Performance Incentive Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2019: 
 
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Weighted-  | 
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Number of Share Option Awards  | 
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Weighted-Average Exercise Price  | 
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Average  | 
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  | 
 
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Time-  | 
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Performance-  | 
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Market-  | 
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Time-  | 
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Performance-  | 
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Market-  | 
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Contractual  | 
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Aggregate  | 
 
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Based  | 
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Based  | 
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Based  | 
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Based  | 
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Based  | 
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Based  | 
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Term  | 
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Intrinsic Value  | 
 
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      | 
Awards  | 
      | 
Awards  | 
      | 
Awards  | 
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Awards  | 
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Awards  | 
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Awards  | 
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(years)  | 
      | 
(in thousands)  | 
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2019  | 
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 5,686,793  | 
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 410,499  | 
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 208,333  | 
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$  | 
 50.65  | 
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$  | 
 45.67  | 
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$  | 
 59.43  | 
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 6.22  | 
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$  | 
 13,946  | 
 
Exercised  | 
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 (311,732)  | 
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 (138,306)  | 
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 —  | 
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 38.19  | 
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 19.00  | 
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 —  | 
   | 
    | 
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   | 
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Forfeited and cancelled  | 
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 (83,666)  | 
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 (156,251)  | 
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 —  | 
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 56.30  | 
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 59.43  | 
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 —  | 
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    | 
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   | 
    | 
 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2019  | 
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 5,291,395  | 
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 115,942  | 
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 208,333  | 
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$  | 
 51.29  | 
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$  | 
 58.96  | 
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$  | 
 59.43  | 
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 5.63  | 
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$  | 
 20,576  | 
 
 
 
Restricted Ordinary Share Awards 
The following is a summary of restricted NCLH ordinary share activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019: 
 
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Number of  | 
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Time-  | 
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Weighted-  | 
 
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Based  | 
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Average Grant  | 
 
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Awards  | 
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Date Fair Value  | 
 
Non-vested as of January 1, 2019  | 
   | 
 429  | 
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$  | 
 58.41  | 
 
Vested  | 
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 (429)  | 
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 58.41  | 
 
Non-vested as of September 30, 2019  | 
   | 
 —  | 
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$  | 
 —  | 
 
 
 
Restricted Share Unit Awards 
On March 1, 2019, NCLH granted 1.9 million time-based restricted share unit awards to our employees, which vest in substantially equal annual installments over three years. Additionally, on March 1, 2019, NCLH granted 0.5 million performance-based restricted share units to certain members of our management team, which vest upon the achievement of certain pre-established performance targets established for the 2019 and 2020 calendar years and the satisfaction of an additional time-based vesting requirement that generally requires continued employment through March 1, 2022. 
The following is a summary of restricted share unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019: 
 
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Number of  | 
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Weighted-  | 
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Number of  | 
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Weighted-  | 
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Number of  | 
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Weighted-  | 
 
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Time-Based  | 
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Average Grant  | 
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Performance-  | 
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Average Grant  | 
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Market-  | 
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Average Grant   | 
 
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Awards  | 
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Date Fair Value  | 
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Based Awards  | 
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Date Fair Value  | 
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Based Awards  | 
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Date Fair Value  | 
 
Non-vested as of January 1, 2019  | 
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 2,973,032  | 
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$  | 
 53.98  | 
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 825,614  | 
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$  | 
 56.58  | 
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 50,000  | 
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$  | 
 59.43  | 
 
Granted  | 
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 1,929,495  | 
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 55.00  | 
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 462,282  | 
(1)  | 
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 55.27  | 
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 —  | 
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 —  | 
 
Vested  | 
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 (1,430,124)  | 
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 53.02  | 
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 (121,000)  | 
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 56.27  | 
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 —  | 
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 —  | 
 
Forfeited or expired  | 
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 (167,261)  | 
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 55.03  | 
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 (37,500)  | 
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 56.27  | 
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 —  | 
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 —  | 
 
Non-vested as of September 30, 2019  | 
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 3,305,142  | 
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$  | 
 54.94  | 
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 1,129,396  | 
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$  | 
 56.09  | 
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 50,000  | 
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$  | 
 59.43  | 
 
 
| (1) | 
Number of performance-based restricted share units included assumes maximum achievement of performance targets. | 
  
 
The compensation expense recognized for share-based compensation for the periods presented include the following (in thousands): 
 
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Three Months Ended   | 
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Nine Months Ended   | 
 
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September 30,   | 
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September 30,   | 
 
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2019  | 
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2018  | 
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2019  | 
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2018  | 
 
Payroll and related expense  | 
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$  | 
 4,489  | 
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$  | 
 4,012  | 
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$  | 
 12,974  | 
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$  | 
 11,779  | 
 
Marketing, general and administrative expense  | 
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   | 
 20,931  | 
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 24,950  | 
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 69,096  | 
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 77,018  | 
 
Total share-based compensation expense  | 
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$  | 
 25,420  | 
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$  | 
 28,962  | 
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$  | 
 82,070  | 
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$  | 
 88,797  | 
 
 
 
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